Animalia - ARTHROPODA - Crustacea - Multicrustacea

Malacostraca / Eumalacostraca

Gli Eumalacostraca costituiscono la sottoclasse piů ampia della classe Malacostraca. Rappresentano il nucleo centrale dei crostacei superiori, con oltre 20 000 specie viventi, distribuite in ambienti marini, d’acqua dolce e terrestri. Comprendono gli ordini Decapoda, Isopoda, Amphipoda, Euphausiacea, Mysida, e altri meno conosciuti.
Il corpo degli eumalacostraci segue un piano segmentale altamente conservato. La Testa>cephalon (composta da 5 somiti, spesso fusi con i primi segmenti toracici) č dotata di Antennule e antenne biramose, di Occhi composti spesso peduncolati e mobili, Apparato boccale complesso con mandibole, mascelle, massillipedi. Il  Torace>pereion (formato da 8 somiti, generalmente coperti da un carapace che puň essere rigido o flessibile) presenta da 5 a 8 paia Pereiopodi (zampe toraciche); fino a 3 somiti toracici possono essere fusi alla testa, con appendici modificate in organi alimentari. L'Addome>pleon) č composto da 6 somiti piů il telson terminale e include Pleopodi (birami sui primi 5 somiti idonei per il nuoto, la respirazione e la riproduzione) e Uropodi sul sesto somite, che insieme al telson formano un ventaglio caudale per la propulsione (il ventaglio č cosě efficiente che molti decapodi lo usano per “saltare” all’indietro in caso di pericolo).
La Muscolatura addominale č potente č consente movimenti rapidi, come la fuga a scatto tipica di gamberi e aragoste. Il Sistema nervoso e composto da gangli cefalici e ventrali, con centri visivi e sensoriali avanzati. La Circolazione č a sistema aperto, con cuore dorsale che pompa emolinfa. La Respirazione avviene tramite branchie alloggiate in cavitŕ branchiali, spesso protette dal carapace. L'Escrezione avviene attraverso ghiandole antennali o maxillari.  Lo stomaco č diviso in una parte cardiaca con  “macina gastrica” per triturare il cibo e da una parte pilorica con ghiandole digestive per l’assorbimento.
La riproduzione per la maggior parte delle specie č dioica con con dimorfismo sessuale evidente. I gonopori Femminili sono collocati al sesto somite toracico, quelli maschili all’ottavo somite toracico. La fecondazione, interna o esterna,  avviene tramite spermatofore. Lo sviluppo puň essere Diretto (con giovani simili agli adulti,  es. isopodi) o Indiretto (con stadi larvali del tipo nauplius, zoea e mysis) nei decapodi e euphausiacei.
Gli eumalacostraci rappresentano il culmine evolutivo dei crostacei, con specializzazioni morfologiche e comportamentali avanzate. Sono  regolatori ecologici in quanto predatori, filtratori, decompositori e  prede. Colonizzano una vasta varietŕ di ambienti. Nell'ambiente marino si trovano aragoste, granchi, krill e stomatopodi; negli abissi dimorano forme cieche e bioluminescenti e tra i granuli di sabbia si adattano i microcrostacei. Nell'acqua dolce vivono gamberi di fiume, anfipodi, isopodi. Nei terreni umidi si incontrano i porcellini di terra. Gli isopodi parassiti possono sostituire la lingua dei pesci, nutrendosi del loro sangue. Gli anfipodi sono tra i pochi crostacei capaci di vivere in ambienti polari e desertici.
Nel superordine  Syncarida sono compresi i Crostacei primitivi, che sono privi di carapace e che vivono in acque dolci sotterranee. Il superordine Peracarida include Isopoda, Amphipoda, Cumacea, Tanaidacea e  Mictacea, tutti caratterizzati da un marsupio femminile idoneo all'incubazione delle uova.
Il superordine Eucarida, caratterizzato da un carapace  ben sviluppato e dalle larve planctoniche complesse, include Decapoda (granchi, gamberi e aragoste, tutti con forte importanza economica nella pesca e nell’acquacoltura) e Euphausiacea (krill)

  • Subphylum Crustacea

  • Superclass Multicrustacea

  • Class Malacostraca

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  • Subclass Eumalacostraca

  • Superorder Eucarida

    • Order Decapoda

      • Suborder Dendrobranchiata

        • Superfamily Penaeoidea Rafinesque, 1815

        • Superfamily Sergestoidea Dana, 1852

          • Family Aristeidae Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891

          • Family Benthesicymidae Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891

          • Family Penaeidae Rafinesque, 1815

          • Family Sicyoniidae Ortmann, 1898

          • Family Solenoceridae Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891

      • Suborder Pleocyemata

        • Infraorder Achelata

          • Family Palinuridae Latreille, 1802

          • Family Scyllaridae Latreille, 1825

      • Infraorder Anomura

        • Superfamily Chirostyloidea Ortmann, 1892

          • Family Chirostylidae Ortmann, 1892

          • Family Eumunididae A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1900

          • Family Kiwaidae Macpherson, Jones & Segonzac, 2005

          • Family Sternostylidae Baba, Ahyong & Schnabel, 2018

        • Superfamily Galatheoidea Samouelle, 1819

          • Family Galatheidae Samouelle, 1819

          • Family Munididae Ahyong, Baba, Macpherson & Poore, 2010

          • Family Munidopsidae Ortmann, 1898

          • Family Porcellanidae Haworth, 1825

        • Superfamily Hippoidea Latreille, 1825

          • Family Albuneidae Stimpson, 1858

          • Family Blepharipodidae Boyko, 2002

          • Family Hippidae Latreille, 1825

        • Superfamily Lomisoidea Bouvier, 1894

          • Family Lomisidae Bouvier, 1894

        • Superfamily Paguroidea Latreille, 1802

          • Family Coenobitidae Dana, 1851

          • Family Diogenidae Ortmann, 1892

          • Family Lithodidae Samouelle, 1819

          • Family Paguridae Latreille, 1802

          • Family Parapaguridae Smith, 1882

          • Family Probeebeidae Boone, 1926

          • Family Pylochelidae Spence Bate, 1888

          • Family Pylojacquesidae McLaughlin & Lemaitre, 2001

          • Family Xylopaguridae Gašparič, Fraaije, Robin & de Angeli, 2016

      • Infraorder Astacidea

        • Superfamily Enoplometopoidea de Saint Laurent, 1988

          • Family Enoplometopidae de Saint Laurent, 1988

        • Superfamily Nephropoidea Dana, 1852

          • Family Nephropidae Dana, 1852

      • Infraorder Axiidea

      • Family Anacalliacidae Manning & Felder, 1991

      • Family Axiidae Huxley, 1879

      • Family Callianassidae Dana, 1852

      • Family Callianideidae Kossman, 1880

      • Family Callianopsidae Manning & Felder, 1991

      • Family Callichiridae Manning & Felder, 1991

      • Family Ctenochelidae Manning & Felder, 1991

      • Family Eucalliacidae Manning & Felder, 1991

      • Family Micheleidae Sakai, 1992

      • Family Paracalliacidae Sakai, 2005

      • Family Strahlaxiidae Poore, 1994

      • Infraorder Brachyura

        • Family Brachyura incertae sedis

      • Section Cyclodorippoida

        • Superfamily Cyclodorippoidea Ortmann, 1892

          • Family Cyclodorippidae Ortmann, 1892

          • Family Cymonomidae Bouvier, 1898

          • Family Phyllotymolinidae Tavares, 1998

      • Section Dromiacea

        • Superfamily Dromioidea De Haan, 1833

          • Family Dromiidae De Haan, 1833

          • Family Dynomenidae Ortmann, 1892

          • Family Sphaerodromiidae Guinot & Tavares, 2003

        • Superfamily Homolodromioidea Alcock, 1900

          • Family Homolodromiidae Alcock, 1900

      • Section Eubrachyura

        • Subsection Heterotremata

        • Superfamily Aethroidea Dana, 1851

          • Family Aethridae Dana, 1851

        • Superfamily Bellioidea Dana, 1852

          • Family Belliidae Dana, 1852

          • Family Heteroziidae Števčić, 2005

        • Superfamily Bythograeoidea Williams,1980

          • Family Bythograeidae Williams, 1980

        • Superfamily Calappoidea De Haan, 1833

          • Family Calappidae De Haan, 1833

          • Family Matutidae De Haan, 1835

        • Superfamily Cancroidea Latreille, 1802

          • Family Atelecyclidae Ortmann, 1893

          • Family Cancridae Latreille, 1802

        • Superfamily Carpilioidea Ortmann, 1893

          • Family Carpiliidae Ortmann, 1893

        • Superfamily Cheiragonoidea Ortmann,1893

          • Family Cheiragonidae Ortmann,1893

        • Superfamily Corystoidea Samouelle, 1819

          • Family Corystidae Samouelle, 181

        • Superfamily Dairoidea Serčne, 1965

          • Family Dacryopilumnidae Serčne, 1984

          • Family Dairidae Ng & Rodríguez, 1986

        • Superfamily Dorippoidea MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Dorippidae MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Ethusidae Guinot, 1977

        • Superfamily Eriphioidea MacLeay, 183

          • Family Dairoididae Števčić, 2005

          • Family Eriphiidae MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Hypothalassiidae Karasawa & Schweitzer, 2006

          • Family Menippidae Ortmann, 1893

          • Family Oziidae Dana, 1851

          • Family Platyxanthidae Guinot, 1977

        • Superfamily GecarcinucoideaRathbun,1904

          • Family Gecarcinucidae Rathbun, 1904

        • Superfamily Goneplacoidea MacLeay,1838

          • Family Acidopsidae Števčić, 2005

          • Family Chasmocarcinidae Serčne, 1964

          • Family Conleyidae Števčić, 2005

          • Family Euryplacidae Stimpson, 1871

          • Family Goneplacidae MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Litocheiridae Kinahan, 1856

          • Family Mathildellidae Karasawa & Kato, 2003

          • Family Progeryonidae Števčić, 2005

          • Family Scalopidiidae Števčić, 2005

          • Family Sotoplacidae Castro, Guinot & Ng, 2010

          • Family Vultocinidae Ng & Manuel-Santos, 2007

        • Superfamily Hexapodoidea Miers, 1886

          • Family Hexapodidae Miers, 1886

        • Superfamily Hymenosomatoidea MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Hymenosomatidae MacLeay, 1838

        • Superfamily Leucosioidea Samouelle, 1819

          • Family Iphiculidae Alcock, 1896

          • Family Leucosiidae Samouelle, 1819

        • Superfamily Majoidea Samouelle, 1819

          • Family Epialtidae MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Eurypodiidae MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Inachidae MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Inachoididae Dana, 1851

          • Family Macrocheiridae Dana, 1851

          • Family Majidae Samouelle, 1819

          • Family Mithracidae MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Oregoniidae Garth, 1958

        • Superfamily Orithyioidea Dana, 1852

          • Family Orithyiidae Dana, 1852

        • Superfamily Palicoidea Bouvier, 1898

          • Family Crossotonotidae Moosa & Serčne, 1981

          • Family Palicidae Bouvier, 1898

        • Superfamily Parthenopoidea MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Parthenopidae MacLeay, 1838

        • Superfamily Pilumnoidea Samouelle, 1819

          • Family Galenidae Alcock, 1898

          • Family Pilumnidae Samouelle, 1819

          • Family Tanaochelidae Ng & Clark, 2000

        • Superfamily Portunoidea Rafinesque, 1815

          • Family Brusiniidae Števčić, 1991

          • Family Carcinidae MacLeay, 1838

          • Genus Garthopilumnus Števčić, 2011

          • Family Geryonidae Colosi, 1924

          • Family Nautilocorystidae Ortmann, 1893

          • Family Ovalipidae Spiridonov, Neretina & Schepetov, 2014

          • Family Pirimelidae Alcock, 1899

          • Family Polybiidae Paulson, 1875

          • Family Portunidae Rafinesque, 1815

          • Family Thiidae Dana, 1852

        • Superfamily Pseudocarcinoidea Ng & Davie, 2020

          • Family Pseudocarcinidae Ng & Davie, 2020

        • Superfamily Pseudozioidea Alcock, 1898

          • Family Christmaplacidae Naruse & Ng, 2014

          • Family Pilumnoididae Guinot & Macpherson, 1987

          • Family Planopilumnidae Serčne, 1984

          • Family Pseudoziidae Alcock, 1898

        • Superfamily Retroplumoidea Gill, 1894

          • Family Retroplumidae Gill, 1894

        • Superfamily Trapezioidea Miers, 1886

          • Family Calocarcinidae Števčić, 2005

          • Family Domeciidae Ortmann, 1893

          • Family Ectaesthesiidae Ng, Ahyong & Castro, 2023

          • Family Tetraliidae Castro, Ng & Ahyong, 2004

          • Family Trapeziidae Miers, 1886

        • Superfamily Trichopeltarioidea Tavares & Cleva, 2010

          • Family Trichopeltariidae Tavares & Cleva, 2010

        • Superfamily Xanthoidea MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Antrocarcinidae Ng & Chia, 1994

          • Family Garthiellidae Mendoza & Manuel-Santos, 2012

          • Family Linnaeoxanthidae Števčić, 2005

          • Family Nanocassiopidae Števčić, 2013

          • Family Panopeidae Ortmann, 1893

          • Family Pseudorhombilidae Alcock, 1900

          • Family Xanthidae MacLeay, 1838

        • Subsection Thoracotremata

          Superfamily Aphanodactyloidea Ahyong & Ng, 2009

          • Family Aphanodactylidae Ahyong & Ng, 2009

          Superfamily Cryptochiroidea Paulson, 1875

          • Family Cryptochiridae Paulson, 1875

        • Superfamily Grapsoidea MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Gecarcinidae MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Glyptograpsidae Schubart, Cuesta & Felder, 2002

          • Family Grapsidae MacLeay, 1838

          • Family Leptograpsodidae Guinot, Ng & Rodriguez Moreno, 2018

          • Family Percnidae Števčić, 2005

          • Family Plagusiidae Dana, 1851

          • Family Sesarmidae Dana, 1851

          • Family Varunidae H. Milne Edwards, 1853

          • Family Xenograpsidae Ng, Davie, Schubart & Ng, 2007

        • Superfamily Ocypodoidea Rafinesque, 1815

          • Family Camptandriidae Stimpson, 1858

          • Family Dotillidae Stimpson, 1858

          • Family Heloeciidae H. Milne Edwards, 1852

          • Family Macrophthalmidae Dana, 1851

          • Family Mictyridae Dana, 1851

          • Family Ocypodidae Rafinesque, 1815

          • Family Xenophthalmidae Stimpson, 1858

        • Superfamily Pinnotheroidea De Haan, 1833

          • Family Parapinnixidae Števčić, 2005

          • Family Pinnotheridae De Haan, 1833

          • Family Tetriasidae Tsang & Naruse, 2023

    • Section Homoloida

      • Superfamily Homoloidea De Haan  1839

        • Family Homolidae De Haan, 1839

        • Family Latreilliidae Stimpson, 1858

        • Family Poupiniidae Guinot, 1991

    • Section Raninoida

      • Superfamily Raninoidea De Haan, 1839

        • Family Lyreididae Guinot, 1993

        • Family Raninidae De Haan, 1839

    • Infraorder Caridea

      • Superfamily Alpheoidea Rafinesque, 1815

        • Family Alpheidae Rafinesque, 1815

        • Family Barbouriidae Christoffersen, 1987

        • Family Bythocarididae Christoffersen, 1987

        • Family Hippolytidae Spence Bate, 1888;

        • Family Lysmatidae Dana, 1852

        • Family Merguiidae Christoffersen, 1990

        • Family Ogyrididae Holthuis, 1955

        • Family Thoridae Kingsley, 1878

      • Superfamily Atyoidea De Haan, 1849

        • Family Atyidae De Haan, 1849

      • Superfamily Bresilioidea Calman, 1896

        • Family Agostocarididae Hart & Manning, 1986

        • Family Alvinocarididae Christoffersen, 1986

        • Family Anchialocarididae Mejía-Ortíz, Yańez & López-Mejía, 2017

        • Family Bresiliidae Calman, 1896

        • Family Disciadidae Rathbun, 1902

        • Family Pseudochelidae De Grave & Moosa, 2004

      • Superfamily Campylonotoidea Sollaud, 1913

        • Family Bathypalaemonellidae de Saint Laurent, 1985

        • Family Campylonotidae Sollaud, 1913

      • Superfamily Crangonoidea Haworth, 1825

        • Family Crangonidae Haworth, 1825

        • Family Glyphocrangonidae Smith, 1884

      • Superfamily Nematocarcinoidea Smith, 1884

        • Family Eugonatonotidae Chace, 1937

        • Family Lipkiidae Burukovsky, 2012

        • Family Nematocarcinidae Smith, 1884

        • Family Rhynchocinetidae Ortmann, 1890

      • Superfamily Oplophoroidea Dana, 1852

        • Family Acanthephyridae Spence Bate, 1888

        • Family Oplophoridae Dana, 1852

      • Superfamily Palaemonoidea Rafinesque, 1815

        • Family Desmocarididae Borradaile, 1915

        • Family Palaemonidae Rafinesque, 1815

      • Superfamily Pandaloidea Haworth, 1825

        • Family Chlorotocellidae Komai, Chan & De Grave, 2019

        • Family Pandalidae Haworth, 1825

      • Superfamily Pasiphaeoidea Dana, 1852

        • Family Pasiphaeidae Dana, 1852

      • Superfamily Processoidea Ortmann, 1896

        • Family Processidae Ortmann, 1896

      • Superfamily Psalidopodoidea Wood-Mason

        • Family Psalidopodidae Wood-Mason

      • Superfamily Stylodactyloidea Spence Bate, 1888

        • Family Stylodactylidae Spence Bate, 1888

    • Infraorder Gebiidea

      • Family Laomediidae Borradaile, 1903

      • Family Thalassinidae Latreille, 1831

      • Family Upogebiidae Borradaile, 1903

    • Infraorder Glypheidea

      • Superfamily Glypheoidea Winkler, 1881

        • Family Glypheidae Winkler, 1881

    • Infraorder Polychelida

      • Superfamily Eryonoidea De Haan, 1841

        • Family Polychelidae Wood-Mason, 1874

    • Infraorder Procarididea

      • Family Procarididae Chace & Manning, 1972

    • Infraorder Stenopodidea

      • Family Macromaxillocarididae Alvarez, Iliffe & Villalobos, 2006

      • Family Spongicolidae Schram, 1986

      • Family Stenopodidae Claus, 1872

    • Order Euphausiacea

      • Family Bentheuphausiidae Colosi, 1917

      • Family Euphausiidae Dana, 1850

    • Superorder Peracarida

      • Order Amphipoda

      • Suborder Amphilochidea

        • Infraorder Amphilochida

        • Parvorder Amphilochidira

        • Superfamily Amphilochoidea Boeck, 1871

          • Family Amphilochidae Boeck, 1871

          • Family Bolttsiidae Barnard & Karaman, 1987

          • Family Cressidae Stebbing, 1899

          • Family Cyproideidae J.L. Barnard, 1974

          • Family Didymocheliidae Bellan-Santini & Ledoyer, 1987

          • Family Nihotungidae J.L. Barnard, 1972

          • Family Pleustidae Buchholz, 1874

          • Family Sebidae Walker, 1908

          • Family Stenothoidae Boeck, 1871

        • Superfamily Iphimedioidea Boeck, 1871

          • Family Acanthonotozomatidae Stebbing, 1906

          • Family Acanthonotozomellidae Coleman & J.L. Barnard, 1991

          • Family Amathillopsidae Pirlot, 1934

          • Family Dikwidae Coleman & Barnard, 1991

          • Family Epimeriidae Boeck, 1871

          • Family Iphimediidae Boeck, 1871

          • Family Lafystiidae Sars, 1893

          • Family Laphystiopsidae Stebbing, 1899

          • Family Ochlesidae Stebbing, 1910

          • Family Odiidae Coleman & Barnard, 1991

          • Family Sicafodiidae Just, 2004

          • Family Stilipedidae Holmes, 1908

          • Family Vicmusiidae Just, 1990

        • Superfamily Leucothoidea Dana, 1852

          • Family Leucothoidae Dana, 1852

        • Parvorder Eusiridira

        • Superfamily Eusiroidea Stebbing, 1888

          • Family Bateidae Stebbing, 1906

          • Family Eusiridae Stebbing, 1888

          • Family Miramarassidae Lowry, 2006

          • Family Thurstonellidae Lowry & Zeidler, 2008

        • Superfamily Liljeborgioidea Stebbing, 1899

          • Family Liljeborgiidae Stebbing, 1899

          • Family Pseudamphilochidae Lowry & Myers, 2017

        • Parvorder Maxillipiidira

        • Superfamily Maxillipioidea Ledoyer, 1973

          • Family Maxillipiidae Ledoyer, 1973

        • Parvorder Oedicerotidira

        • Superfamily Oedicerotoidea Lilljeborg, 1865

          • Family Exoedicerotidae Barnard & Drummond, 1982

          • Family Oedicerotidae Lilljeborg, 1865

          • Family Paracalliopiidae Barnard & Karaman, 1982

        • Infraorder Lysianassida

        • Parvorder Haustoriidira

        • Superfamily Haustorioidea Stebbing, 1906

          • Family Cheidae Thurston, 1982

          • Family Condukiidae Barnard & Drummond, 1982

          • Family Haustoriidae Stebbing, 1906

          • Family Ipanemidae Barnard & Thomas, 1988

          • Family Otagiidae Hughes & Lörz, 2013

          • Family Phoxocephalidae G.O. Sars, 1891

          • Family Phoxocephalopsidae Barnard & Drummond, 1982

          • Family Platyischnopidae Barnard & Drummond, 1979

          • Family Pontoporeiidae Dana, 1852

          • Family Priscillinidae d'Udekem d'Acoz, 2006

          • Family Sinurothoidae Ren, 1999

          • Family Urohaustoriidae Barnard & Drummond, 1982

          • Family Urothoidae Bousfield, 1979

          • Family Zobrachoidae Barnard & Drummond, 1982

        • Parvorder Lysianassidira

        • Superfamily Alicelloidea Lowry & De Broyer, 2008

          • Family Alicellidae Lowry & De Broyer, 2008

          • Family Parargissidae Lowry & Myers, 2017

          • Family Podoprionidae Lowry & Stoddart, 1996

          • Family Valettidae Stebbing, 1888

          • Family Valettiopsidae Lowry & De Broyer, 2008

          • Family Vemanidae Lowry & Myers, 2017

        • Superfamily Aristioidea Lowry & Stoddart, 1997

          • Family Acidostomatidae Stoddart & Lowry, 2012

          • Family Ambasiidae Lowry & Myers, 2017

          • Family Aristiidae Lowry & Stoddart, 1997

          • Family Conicostomatidae Lowry & Stoddart, 2012

          • Family Derjugianidae Lowry & Myers, 2017

          • Family Endevouridae Lowry & Stoddart, 1997

          • Family Izinkalidae Lowry & Stoddart, 2010

          • Family Kergueleniidae Lowry & Stoddart, 2010

          • Family Lepidepecreellidae Stoddart & Lowry, 2010

          • Family Pakynidae Lowry & Myers, 2017

          • Family Sophrosynidae Lowry & Stoddart, 2010

          • Family Thoriellidae Lowry & Stoddart, 2011

          • Family Trischizostomatidae Lilljeborg, 1865

          • Family Wandinidae Lowry & Stoddart, 1990

        • Superfamily Lysianassoidea Dana, 1849

          • Family Adeliellidae Lowry & Myers, 2017

          • Family Amaryllididae Lowry & Stoddart, 2002

          • Family Cebocaridae Lowry & Stoddart, 2011

          • Family Cyclocaridae Lowry & Stoddart, 2011

          • Family Cyphocarididae Lowry & Stoddart, 1997

          • Family Eurytheneidae Stoddart & Lowry, 2004

          • Family Hirondelleidae Lowry & Stoddart, 2010

          • Family Lysianassidae Dana, 1849

          • Family Opisidae Lowry & Stoddart, 1995

          • Family Scopelocheiridae Lowry & Stoddart, 1997

          • Family Tryphosidae Lowry & Stoddart, 1997

          • Family Uristidae Hurley, 1963

        • Superfamily Stegocephaloidea Dana, 1852

        • Family Stegocephalidae Dana, 1852

        • Parvorder Synopiidira

        • Superfamily Dexaminoidea Leach, 1814

          • Family Atylidae Lilljeborg, 1865

          • Family Dexaminidae Leach, 1814

          • Family Lepechinellidae Schellenberg, 1926

          • Family Melphidippidae Stebbing, 1899

          • Family Pardaliscidae Boeck, 1871

        • Superfamily Synopioidea Dana, 1852

          • Family Ampeliscidae Krřyer, 1842

          • Family Argissidae Walker, 1904

          • Family Synopiidae Dana, 1853

      • Suborder Colomastigidea

        • Infraorder Colomastigida

        • Parvorder Colomastigidira

        • Superfamily Colomastigoidea Chevreux, 1899

          • Family Colomastigidae Chevreux, 1899

        • Parvorder Pagetinidira

        • Superfamily Pagetinoidea K.H. Barnard, 1931

          • Family Pagetinidae K.H. Barnard, 1931

      • Suborder Hyperiidea

        • Infraorder Physocephalata

        • Superfamily Phronimoidea Rafinesque, 1815

          • Family Bougisidae Zeidler, 2004

          • Family Cystisomatidae Willemöes-Suhm, 1875

          • Family Dairellidae Bovallius, 1887

          • Family Hyperiidae Dana, 1852

          • Family Iulopididae Zeidler, 2004

          • Family Lestrigonidae Zeidler, 2004

          • Family Phronimidae Rafinesque, 1815

          • Family Phrosinidae Dana, 1852

        • Superfamily Platysceloidea Spence Bate, 1863

          • Family Amphithyridae Zeidler, 2016

          • Family Anapronoidae Bowman & Gruner, 1973

          • Family Brachyscelidae Stephensen, 1923

          • Family Eupronoidae Zeidler, 2016

          • Family Lycaeidae Claus, 1879

          • Family Lycaeopsidae Chevreux, 1913

          • Family Oxycephalidae Spence Bate, 1863

          • Family Parascelidae Bovallius, 1887

          • Family Platyscelidae Spence Bate, 1863

          • Family Pronoidae Dana, 1852

          • Family Thamneidae Zeidler, 2016

          • Family Tryphanidae Boeck, 1871

        • Superfamily Vibilioidea Dana, 1852

          • Family Cyllopodidae Bovallius, 1887

          • Family Paraphronimidae Bovallius, 1887

          • Family Vibiliidae Dana, 1852

        • Infraorder Physosomata

        • Parvorder Physocephalatidira

        • Superfamily Lanceoloidea Bovallius, 1887

          • Family Chuneolidae Woltereck, 1909

          • Family Lanceolidae Bovallius, 1887

          • Family Megalanceolidae Zeidler, 2009

          • Family Metalanceolidae Zeidler, 2009

          • Family Microphasmidae Stephensen & Pirlot, 1931

          • Family Mimonecteolidae Zeidler, 2009

          • Family Prolanceolidae Zeidler, 2009

        • Superfamily Scinoidea Stebbing, 1888

          • Family Archaeoscinidae K. H. Barnard, 1930

          • Family Microscinidae Zeidler, 2012

          • Family Mimonectidae Bovallius, 1885

          • Family Mimoscinidae Zeidler, 2012

          • Family Scinidae Stebbing, 1888

      • Suborder Hyperiopsidea

        • Infraorder Hyperiopsida

        • Parvorder Hyperiopsidira

        • Superfamily Hyperiopsoidea Bovallius, 1886

          • Family Hyperiopsidae Bovallius, 1886

          • Family Vitjazianidae Birstein & M. Vinogradov, 1955

        • Parvorder Podosiridira

        • Superfamily Podosiroidea Lowry & Myers, 2012

          • Family Podosiridae Lowry & Myers, 2012

    • Suborder Senticaudata

      • Infraorder Bogidiellida

      • Parvorder Bogidiellidira

      • Superfamily Bogidielloidea Hertzog, 1936

        • Family Bogidiellidae Hertzog, 1936

        • Family Salentinellidae Bousfield, 1977

      • Infraorder Carangoliopsida

      • Parvorder Carangoliopsidira

      • Superfamily Carangoliopsoidea Bousfield, 1977

        • Family Carangoliopsidae Bousfield, 1977

        • Family Kairosidae Lowry & Myers, 2013

      • Infraorder Corophiida

      • Parvorder Caprellidira

      • Superfamily Aetiopedesoidea Myers & Lowry, 2003

        • Family Aetiopedesidae Myers & Lowry, 2003

        • Family Paragammaropsidae Myers & Lowry, 2003

      • Superfamily Caprelloidea Leach, 1814

        • Family Caprellidae Leach, 1814

        • Family Caprogammaridae Kudrjaschov & Vassilenko, 1966

        • Family Cyamidae Rafinesque, 1815

        • Family Dulichiidae Dana, 1849

        • Family Podoceridae Leach, 1814

      • Superfamily Isaeoidea Dana, 1852

        • Family Isaeidae Dana, 1852

      • Superfamily Microprotopoidea Myers & Lowry, 2003

        • Family Microprotopidae Myers & Lowry, 2003

      • Superfamily Neomegamphoidea Myers, 1981

        • Family Neomegamphopidae Myers, 1981

        • Family Priscomilitaridae Hirayama, 1988

      • Superfamily Photoidea Boeck, 1871

        • Family Ischyroceridae Stebbing, 1899

        • Family Kamakidae Myers & Lowry, 2003

        • Family Photidae Boeck, 1871

      • Superfamily Protodulichioidea Ariyama, in Ariayama & Hoshino, 2019

        • Family Protodulichiidae Ariyama, in Ariyama & Hoshino, 2019

      • Superfamily Rakirooidea Myers & Lowry, 2003

        • Family Rakiroidae Myers & Lowry, 2003

      • Parvorder Corophiidira

      • Superfamily Aoroidea Stebbing, 1899

        • Family Aoridae Stebbing, 1899

        • Family Unciolidae Myers & Lowry, 2003

      • Superfamily Cheluroidea Allman, 1847

        • Family Cheluridae Allman, 1847

      • Superfamily Chevalioidea Myers & Lowry, 2003

        • Family Chevaliidae Myers & Lowry, 2003

      • Superfamily Corophioidea Leach, 1814

        • Family Ampithoidae Boeck, 1871

        • Family Corophiidae Leach, 1814

      • Infraorder Gammarida

      • Parvorder Crangonyctidira

      • Superfamily Allocrangonyctoidea Holsinger, 1989

        • Family Pseudoniphargidae Karaman, 1993

      • Parvorder Gammaridira

      • Superfamily Gammaroidea Latreille, 1802 (Bousfield, 1977)

        • Family Anisogammaridae Bousfield, 1977

        • Family Bathyporeiidae d'Udekem d'Acoz, 2011

        • Family Behningiellidae Kamaltynov, 2002

        • Family Gammaracanthidae Bousfield, 1989

        • Family Gammarellidae Bousfield, 1977

        • Family Gammaridae Latreille, 1802

        • Family Iphigenellidae Kamaltynov, 2002

        • Family Mesogammaridae Bousfield, 1977

        • Family Micruropodidae Kamaltynov, 1999

        • Family Pallaseidae Tachteew, 2001

        • Family Paraleptamphopidae Bousfield, 1983

        • Family Phreatogammaridae Bousfield, 1983

        • Family Pontogammaridae Bousfield, 1977

        • Family Zaramillidae Lowry & Myers, 2016

      • Infraorder Hadziida

      • Parvorder Hadziidira

      • Superfamily Calliopioidea G.O. Sars, 1895

        • Family Calliopiidae G.O. Sars, 1893

        • Family Cheirocratidae d'Udekem d'Acoz, 2010

        • Family Hornelliidae d'Udekem d'Acoz, 2010

        • Family Megaluropidae Thomas & Barnard, 1986

        • Family Pontogeneiidae Stebbing, 1906

      • Superfamily Hadzioidea S. Karaman, 1943 (Bousfield, 1983)

        • Family Eriopisidae Lowry & Myers, 2013

        • Family Gammaroporeiidae Bousfield, 1979

        • Family Hadziidae S. Karaman, 1943

        • Family Maeridae Krapp-Schickel, 2008

        • Family Melitidae Bousfield, 1973

        • Family Metacrangonyctidae Boutin & Messouli, 1988

        • Family Nuuanuidae Lowry & Myers, 2013

      • Superfamily Magnovioidea Alves, Lowry & Jonsson, 2020

        • Family Magnovidae Alves, Lowry & Jonsson, 2020

      • Infraorder Talitrida

      • Parvorder Talitridira

      • Superfamily Caspicoloidea Birstein, 1945

        • Family Caspicolidae Birstein, 1945

      • Superfamily Hyaloidea Bulyčeva, 1957

        • Family Ceinidae J.L. Barnard, 1972

        • Family Dogielinotidae Gurjanova, 1953

        • Family Eophliantidae Sheard, 1936

        • Family Hyalidae Bulyčeva, 1957

        • Family Najnidae J.L. Barnard, 1972

        • Family Phliantidae Stebbing, 1899

        • Family Plioplateidae J.L. Barnard, 1978

        • Family Temnophliantidae Griffiths, 1975

      • Superfamily Kurioidea Barnard, 1964

        • Family Kuriidae J.L. Barnard, 1964

        • Family Tulearidae Ledoyer, 1979

      • Superfamily Talitroidea Rafinesque, 1815

        • Epifamily Protorchestoidae Myers & Lowry, 2020

          • Family Arcitalitridae Myers & Lowry, 2020

          • Family Protorchestiidae Myers & Lowry, 2020

          • Family Uhlorchestiidae Myers & Lowry, 2020

        • Epifamily Talitroidae Myers & Lowry, 2020

          • Family Talitridae Rafinesque, 1815

    • Order Bochusacea

      • Family Hirsutiidae

    • Order Cumacea

      • Family Bodotriidae T. Scott, 1901

      • Family Ceratocumatidae Calman, 1905

      • Family Diastylidae Bate, 1856

      • Family Gynodiastylidae Stebbing, 1912

      • Family Lampropidae Sars, 1878

      • Family Leuconidae Sars, 1878

      • Family Nannastacidae Bate, 1866

      • Family Pseudocumatidae Sars, 1878

    • Order Ingolfiellida

    • Suborder Ingolfiellidea

      • Infraorder Ingolfiellidamorpha

      • Parvorder Ingolfiellidira

      • Superfamily Ingolfielloidea Hansen, 1903

        • Family Ingolfiellidae Hansen, 1903

    • Order Isopoda

    • Suborder Asellota

      • Superfamily Aselloidea Latreille, 1802

        • Family Asellidae Latreille, 1802

        • Family Stenasellidae Dudich, 1924

      • Superfamily Gnathostenetroidoidea Kussakin, 1967

        • Family Gnathostenetroididae Kussakin, 1967

      • Superfamily Janiroidea G. O. Sars, 1897

        • Family Acanthaspidiidae Menzies, 1962

        • Family Basoniscidae Wilson, 2024

        • Family Dendrotionidae Vanhöffen, 1914

        • Family Desmosomatidae G. O. Sars, 1897

        • Family Echinothambematidae Menzies, 1956

        • Family Haplomunnidae Wilson, 1976

        • Family Haploniscidae Hansen, 1916

        • Family Ischnomesidae Hansen, 1916

        • Family Janirellidae Menzies, 1956

        • Family Janiridae G. O. Sars, 1897

        • Family Joeropsididae Nordenstam, 1933

        • Family Katianiridae Svavarsson, 1987

        • Family Lepidocharontidae Galassi & Bruce in Galassi, Bruce, Fiasca & Dole-Olivier, 2016

        • Family Macrostylidae Hansen, 1916

        • Family Mesosignidae Schultz, 1969

        • Family Mictosomatidae Wolff, 1965

        • Family Munnidae G. O. Sars, 1897

        • Family Munnopsidae Lilljeborg, 1864

        • Family Nannoniscidae Hansen, 1916

        • Family Paramunnidae Vanhöffen, 1914

        • Family Pleurocopidae Fresi & Schiecke, 1972

        • Family Santiidae Kussakin, 1988

        • Family Thambematidae Stebbing, 1912

        • Family Urstylidae Riehl, Wilson & Malyutina, 2014

        • Family Xenosellidae Just, 2005

      • Superfamily Stenetrioidea Hansen, 1905

        • Family Pseudojaniridae Wilson, 1986

        • Family Stenetriidae Hansen, 1905

    • Suborder Cymothoida

      • Superfamily Anthuroidea Lilljeborg, 1864

        • Family Antheluridae Poore & Lew Ton, 1988

        • Family Anthuridae Leach, 1814

        • Family Expanathuridae Poore, 2001

        • Family Hyssuridae Wägele, 1981

        • Family Leptanthuridae Poore, 2001

        • Family Paranthuridae Menzies & Glynn, 1968

      • Superfamily Cymothooidea Leach, 1818

        • Family Aegidae White, 1850

        • Family Anuropidae Stebbing, 1893

        • Family Barybrotidae Hansen, 1890

        • Family Cirolanidae Dana, 1852

        • Family Corallanidae Hansen, 1890

        • Family Cymothoidae Leach, 1814

        • Family Gnathiidae Leach, 1814

        • Family Protognathiidae Wägele & Brandt, 1988

        • Family Tridentellidae Bruce, 1984

    • Suborder Epicaridea

      • Superfamily Bopyroidea Rafinesque, 1815

        • Family Bopyridae Rafinesque, 1815

        • Family Entoniscidae Kossmann, 1881

        • Family Ionidae H. Milne Edwards, 1840

      • Superfamily Cryptoniscoidea Kossmann, 1880

        • Family Asconiscidae Bonnier, 1900

        • Family Cabiropidae Giard & Bonnier, 1887

        • Family Capitoniscidae Boyko & Williams, 2023

        • Family Crinoniscidae Bonnier, 1900

        • Family Cryptoniscidae Kossmann, 1880

        • Family Cumoechidae Boyko & Williams, 2023

        • Family Cyproniscidae Giard & Bonnier, 1887

        • Family Dajidae G. O. Sars, 1883

        • Family Entophilidae Richardson, 1903

        • Family Hemioniscidae Bonnier, 1900

        • Family Podasconidae Giard & Bonnier, 1895

        • Family Stellatoniscidae Oanh & Boyko, 2020

    • Suborder Limnoriidea

      • Superfamily Limnorioidea White, 1850

        • Family Hadromastacidae Bruce & Müller, 1991

        • Family Keuphyliidae Bruce, 1980

        • Family Limnoriidae White, 1850

    • Suborder Microcerberidea

      • Family Atlantasellidae Sket, 1979

      • Family Microcerberidae Karaman, 1940

    • Suborder Oniscidea

      • Parvorder Diplocheta

      • Family Ligiidae Leach, 1814

    • Suborder Phoratopidea

      • Family Phoratopodidae Hale, 1925

    • Suborder Sphaeromatidea

      • Superfamily Seroloidea Dana, 1852

        • Family Basserolidae Brandt & Poore, 2003

        • Family Bathynataliidae Kensley, 1978

        • Family Plakarthriidae Hansen, 1905

        • Family Serolidae Dana, 1852

      • Superfamily Sphaeromatoidea Latreille, 1825

        • Family Ancinidae Dana, 1852

        • Family Sphaeromatidae Latreille, 1825

        • Family Tecticipitidae Iverson, 1982

    • Suborder Valvifera

      • Family Antarcturidae Poore, 2001

      • Family Arcturidae Dana, 1849

      • Family Arcturididae Poore, 2001

      • Family Austrarcturellidae Poore & Bardsley, 1992

      • Family Chaetiliidae Dana, 1849

      • Family Holidoteidae Wägele, 1989

      • Family Holognathidae Thomson, 1904

      • Family Idoteidae Samouelle, 1819

      • Family Pseudidotheidae Ohlin, 1901

      • Family Rectarcturidae Poore, 2001

      • Family Thermoarcturidae Poore, 2015

      • Family Xenarcturidae Sheppard, 1957

    • Order Lophogastrida

      • Family Eucopiidae G.O. Sars, 1885

      • Family Gnathophausiidae Udrescu, 1984

      • Family Lophogastridae G.O. Sars, 1870

    • Order Mictacea

      • Family Mictocarididae

    • Order Mysida

      • Family Mysidae Haworth, 1825

      • Family Petalophthalmidae Czerniavsky, 1882

    • Order Stygiomysida

      • Family Lepidomysidae Clarke, 1961

      • Family Stygiomysidae Caroli, 1937

    • Order Tanaidacea

    • Suborder Apseudomorpha

    • Superfamily Apseudoidea Leach, 1814

      • Family Apseudellidae Gutu, 1972

      • Family Apseudidae Leach, 1814

      • Genus Deidamiapseudes Sganga & Roccatagliata, 2016

      • Family Gigantapseudidae Kudinova-Pasternak, 1978

      • Family Julmarichardiidae Moralés-Núńez & Heard, 2021

      • Family Kalliapseudidae Lang, 1956

      • Family Metapseudidae Lang, 1970

      • Family Numbakullidae Gutu & Heard, 2002

      • Family Pagurapseudidae Lang, 1970

      • Family Pagurapseudopsididae Gutu, 2006

      • Family Parapseudidae Gutu, 1981

      • Family Sphaeromapseudidae Larsen, 2012

      • Family Sphyrapodidae Gutu, 1980

      • Family Tanzanapseudidae Bacescu, 1975

      • Family Whiteleggiidae Gutu, 1972

    • Suborder Tanaidomorpha

    • Superfamily Neotanaoidea Sieg, 1980

      • Family Neotanaidae Lang, 1956

    • Superfamily Paratanaoidea Lang, 1949

      • Family Agathotanaidae Lang, 1971

      • Family Akanthophoreidae Sieg, 1986

      • Family Anarthruridae Lang, 1971

      • Family Arthruridae Bird & Błażewicz, 2025

      • Family Caudalongidae Błażewicz & Bird in Błażewicz, Jakiel, Bird & Studzian, 2024

      • Family Colletteidae Larsen & Wilson, 2002

      • Family Cryptocopidae Sieg, 1977

      • Family Hamatipedidae Błażewicz, Gellert & Bird, 2022 in Gellert et al. (2022)

      • Family Heterotanoididae Bird, 2012

      • Family Leptocheliidae Lang, 1973

      • Family Leptognathiidae Sieg, 1976

      • Family Mirandotanaidae Błażewicz-Paszkowycz & Bamber, 2009

      • Family Nototanaidae Sieg, 1976

      • Family Paranarthrurellidae Błażewicz, Jóźwiak & Frutos, 2019 in Błażewicz et al. (2019)

      • Family Paratanaidae Lang, 1949

      • Family Pseudotanaidae Sieg, 1976

      • Family Pseudozeuxidae Sieg, 1982

      • Family Tanaellidae Larsen & Wilson, 2002

      • Family Tanaissuidae Bird & Larsen, 2009

      • Family Tanaopsidae Błażewicz-Paszkowycz & Bamber, 2012

      • Family Teleotanaidae Bamber, 2008

      • Family Typhlotanaidae Sieg, 1984

    • Superfamily Tanaidoidea Nobili, 1906

      • Family Tanaididae Nobili, 1906

    • Order Thermosbaenacea

      • Family Halosbaenidae Monod & Cals, 1988

      • Family Monodellidae Taramelli, 1954

      • Family Thermosbaenidae Monod, 1927

      • Family Tulumellidae Wagner, 1994

    • Superorder Syncarida

    • Order Bathynellacea

      • Family Bathynellidae Grobben, 1905

    • Order Palaeocaridacea - nm

 

 

ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF EUMALACOSTRACA

On the Classification of the Crustacea Malacostruca.

Eumalacostracan phylogeny and total evidence

Class Malacostraca (SubClass Eumalacostraca)

Eumalacostraca

animalia.bio/it/malacostraca

Animalia
colapisci Flora e Fauna Colapesce

Sommario Flora e Fauna del mediterraneo Sommario Colapesce
Eumalacostraca Malacostraca Crustacea Arthropoda Animalia Flora Fauna Colapisci

Mappa Colapesce
Mappa Colapisci

Colapisci, uomo per metŕ pesce